Links and Literature

Great Web sites

There are three places you must visit:

• The "elasmo.com" Lee Creek fossil site, especially the "pungo" fossils are similar if not identical to what you can find at Brownie's. The site is enormous. Make sure to explore it well, and check out the beautiful and instructive "slide shows".

• Jayson Kowalsky's FossilGuy pages, especially the section on his Calvert Cliffs fossils.

• Everything you ever wanted to know about sharks: Rick Martin's ReefQuest Expeditions

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Local Organizations

• Maryland Geological Society (MGS), not to be confused with the Maryland Geological Survey
• The American Fossil Federation (AFF)
• The Calvert Marine Museum Fossil Club (CMMFC)

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Books used:

Read the online biography of Remington Kellogg.

1. Wallace L. Ashby, 1995: Fossils of Calvert Cliffs.

2. Jasper Burns, 1991: Fossil Collecting in the Mid-Atlantic States.

3. Remington Kellogg, 1936: A Review of the Archaeoceti. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publ. No. 482.

4. Remington Kellogg, 1965: Fossil Marine Mammals from the Miocene Calvert formation of Maryland and Virginia. Bull. 247, Parts 1 and 2, U.S. Nat. Mus.

5. Remington Kellogg, 1968: Fossil Marine Mammals from the Miocene Calvert formation of Maryland and Virginia. Bull. 247, Parts 5-8, U.S. Nat. Mus.

6. Remington Kellogg, 1969: Cetothere Skeletons from the Miocene Choptank Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Bull. 294, U.S. Nat. Mus.

7. Bretton W. Kent, 1994: Fossil Sharks of the Chesapeake Bay Region.

8. Clayton E. Ray & David J. Bohaska (Eds.), 2001: Geology and Paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, III.

9. M. C. Thomas, 1968: Fossil Vertebrates - Beach and Bank Collecting for Amateurs

10. John R. Timmerman, 1997: Seal/Dolphin - Phoca/Stenella, A Skeletal Comparison of Two Marine Mammals. (The North Carolina Fossil Club)

11. Harold E. Vokes, 1957: Miocene Fossils of Maryland. State of Maryland, Board of Natural Resources, Department of Geology, Mines and Water Resources, Bulletin 20.

12. Cyril Walker & David Ward, 1992: Fossils.

13. Lauck W. Ward, 1992: Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene Middle Atlantic Coastal Plane of North America. Virginia Museum of Natural History, Memoir 2.

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Papers used:

Sharks:

1. Adnet, Sylvain & Cappetta, Henri, 2001: A palaeontological and phylogenetical analysis of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) based on dental characters. Lethaia 34:234pp.

2. Becker, Martin A., Chamberlain, Jr., John A., and Stoffer, Philip W. 2000: Pathologic tooth deformities in modern and fossil chondrichthians: a consequence of feeding-related injury. Lethaia 33:103pp.

3. Gottfried, Michael D., 1995: Miocene basking sharks (lamniformes: cetorhinidae) from the chesapeake group of Maryland and Virginia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15(2):443pp.

Cetaceans:

1. Barnes, Lawrence G., 1978: A review of Lophocetus and Liolithax and their relationship to the delphinoid family Kentriodontidae (cetacea:odontoceti). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Bulletin 28, June 26, 1978.

2. Dawson, Susan A., 1996a: A description of the skull and postcrania of hadrodelphis calvertense (Kellogg 1966), and its position within the Kentriodontidae (cetacea; delphinoidae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(1):125pp.

3. Dawson, Susan A., 1996b: A new kentriodontid dolphin (cetacea; delphinoidea) from the middle miocene Choptank formation, Maryland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(1):135pp.

4. De Buffrénil, V., De Ricqlès A., Ray, C.E., and Domning, D.P. 1990: Bone histology of the ribs of the archeocetes (Mammalia: Cetacea). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 10(4):455pp.

5. Cope, Edward D., 1867: An Addition to the Vertebrate Fauna of the Miocene Period, with a synopsis of the Extinct Cetacea of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1867, pp138.

6. Cope, Edward D., 1868: Second contribution to the History of the Vertebrata of the Miocene period of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1868, pp184.

7. Cope, Edward D., 1869: Third contribution to the Fauna of the Miocene Period of the United States. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1869, pp6.

8. Michael D. Gottfried, David J. Bohaska and Frank C. Whitmore, Jr., 1994: Miocene Cetaceans of the Chesapeake Group. In: Contributions in Marine Mammal Paleontology Honoring Frank C. Whitmore, Jr., Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History. A. Berta and T.A. Deméré (eds.). 29, p. 229-238.

9. Ichishima, Hiroto, and Kimura, Masaichi, 2000: A new fossil porpoise (cetacea; delphinoidea; phocoenidea) from the early pliocene horokaoshirarika formation, Hokkaido, Japan. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(3):561pp.

10. Kellogg, Remington, 1922: Description of the skull of Megaptera miocena, a fossil humpback whale from the Miocene diatomaceous earth of Lompoc, California. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol 61, Art. 14.

11. Kellogg, Remington, 1923: Description of two Squalodonts recently discovered in the calvert cliffs, Maryland; and notes on the sharktoothed cetaceans. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 62, Art. 16.

12. Kellogg, Remington, 1923b: Description of an apparently new toothed cetacean from South Carolina. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol 76, No. 7.

13. Kellogg, Remington, 1924: A fossil porpoise from the calvert formation of Maryland. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 63, Art. 14.

14. Kellogg, Remington, 1924b: Description of a new genus and species of whalebone whale from the Calvert Cliffs, Maryland. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 63, Art. 15.

15. Kellogg, Remington, 1925: On the occurrence of remain of fossil porpoises of the genus Eurhinodelphis in North America. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 66, Art. 26.

16. Kellogg, Remington, 1925b: A fossil physeteroid cetacean from Santa Barbara County, California. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 66, Art. 27.

17. Kellogg, Remington, 1926: Supplementary observations on the skull of the fossil porpoise Zarhachis flagellator Cope. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol 67, Art. 28.

18. Kellogg, Remington, 1927: Kentriodon Pernix, a miocene porpoise from Maryland. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 69, Art. 19.

19. Leidy, Joseph, 1877: Description of Vertebrate Remains, chiefly from the Phosphate Beds of South Carolina. Journal of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, New Series, Vol. VIII, Part III.

20. Luo, Zhexi, and Marsh, Katherine, 1996: Petrosal (periotic) and inner ear of a pliocene kogiine whale (kogiinae, odontoceti): implications on relationships and hearing evolution of toothed whales. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(2):328pp.

21. True, Frederick W., 1908: On the occurrence of remains of fossil cetaceans of the genus Schizodelphis in the United States, and on Priscodelphinus (?) crassangulum Case. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections (Quarterly Issue), vol. 50.

22. True, Frederick W., 1912: Description of a New Fossil Porpoise of the Genus Delphinodon from the Miocene Formation of Maryland. Journal of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Second Series, Vol XV.

Other:

1. Palmer, William, 1917: Description of a new species of leatherback turtle from the Miocene of Maryland. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 36.

2. True, Frederick W., 1906: Description of a new genus and species of fossil seal from the miocene of Maryland. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 30.