biology chapter 10

Terms & Concepts: Appreciate the limitations on the size of a cell as it grows larger and larger, both in terms of the DNA (the genetic material) to regulate the various activities in the growing cell and the difficulties large cells have obtaining nutrients and oxygen to sustain these activities. Know how to calculate the ratio of the surface area of a cell to its volume and relate this number to the size limitations of a typical cell. Understand the relationship between the cell cycle and cell division. Understand that cell division usually takes place in two stages; the division of the nucleus (Mitosis) and the actual separation of the cell into two new daughter cells (cytokinesis). Be able to describe the general structure of a chromosome. In particular know that the typical chromosome is usually composed of two paired chromatids joined by a centromere. These terms can be confusing, but they become very important in the near future. Be able to list the steps of the cell cycle and describe the major events that take place in each step. Do not confuse mitosis with the cell cycle; mitosis is one step in the cell cycle.

C. Read pages 246-249. Due 13 April .
Terms & Concepts: Be able to list and describe the four stages of mitosis; prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Know the major events that take place in each stage. In particular, know what is happing to the the nuclear membrane, the chromatids, and spindle fibers. Appreciate the relationship between the centromeres, spindle fibers and the centrioles to the movement of the chromatids during mitosis. Understand that cytokinesis is usually considered as a separate process from mitosis that results in the production of the new daughter cells. Appreciate that in plants, the presence of the cell wall makes cytokinesis a bit more complicated than it is in animal cells. Use the table on page 249 to appreciate the variability in the life span of various cell types and their ability to divide.

D. Read page 250-253. Due 15 April.
Terms & Concepts: Appreciate that not all cells have the same life history. Some are dividing continuously while others stop dividing and live form many years. Understand that the mechanisms that control when cells divide and when they stop dividing have important medical as well as biological implications. Be able to describe the general role of cyclin proteins in the regulation of the cell cycle and the function of internal and external regulators. Be aware that when these control mechanisms fail, diseases such as cancer may develop.

E. Due 17 April.
Read the essay on page 253 about stem cells and complete the "Research and Decide" report. Be sure that you include examples from your research to support your position. Also, it is important to include a "works cited" page listing the web sites, books, and articles you used. (3 citations minimum).

Chapter 10, Cell Growth and Division