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Saline Lindenberg Sister Cities Lindenberg Timeline |
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857 Patacho and Sigibert, two important aristocrats, gave estates in "Lintiberc" to the monastery of St. Gallen. 1257
The existence of the parish of Lindenberg is mentioned in a tax register of the Konstanz dioceses. 1353 The parish of Lindenberg has 36 rural estates.
1525 At the time of the farmer
war, Lindenberg has 71 households or barnyards. 1570
Austria acquires the rule of Altenburg and consequently the village of Lindenberg. 1600
At this time Lindenberg manufactures straw hats for its own use. 1604 Lindenberg has 162 houses with approximately 800 inhabitants including the outlying villages. 1617
For the first time the Lindenberger horse dealers Jakob Bildstein, Jakob Mauch, and Magnus Stiefenhofer are mentioned
in documents. They sell 13 horses to Milan. Historical tradition indicates that the Lindenberger horse dealers brought home
knowledge of straw twisting and hat sewing from Italy. 1618-1648 The Swedes attack three times during the Thirty
Years War. Plundering, arson, and the plague decimate the population. 1656
Lindenberg straw hats are sold through peddling and at markets. 1740
The village of Lindenberg again has 500 inhabitants. 1748
Abolition of the Austrian lords, including those in the juristic area of Altenburg. 1755
Production and selling of straw hats are organized for the first time. 1770 –1771 By a nationally ordered consolidation
of farmland, 56 barnyards are seized. This formed today's neighborhood divisions and developed predominant dairy farming. 1784
Emperor Josef II grants the village of Lindenberg the right to hold three cattle markets annually. 1800
Lindenberg has 1,118 inhabitants. 1805
Lindenberg is designated for the first time as Bavarian by the Pressburger Peace agreement, and in 1808 is known as
a market town. 1815
Establishment of the Wagner Hat Company. The members of over 300 families are busy working at home producing straw
hats. The annual production amounts to about 56,000 pieces. 1819
The “Florentine Hats” of the Lindenberg hat makers Johann Aurel Stiefenhofer and Josef Wagner are distinguished
at an industry exhibition in Augsburg as the finest and most beautiful work. 1820 Beginning of production of the so-called binsen –
or bound hats. They are sold as far as North America. Numerous hat companies
are established in the period from 1820 – 1914 1829 King Ludwig I of Bavaria and his wife, Therese, visit
the Allgaeu. The queen is presented with a basket twisted out of finest Florentine straw filled with flowers made out of straw. 1830
Queen Therese receives a Florentine hat in the value of 300 guldens, sewn by Genoveva Schmid. Agathe Huber worked two
years twisting the 300 Ellen long fine straw made out of 13 separate blades (an Ellen is the distance from one’s hand
to the elbow). For her efforts she received a paycheck of around 60 gulden. 1836
Award of the first coat of arms to the market of Lindenberg. 1843
Straw hat production and the straw hat market begin to decline. The Lindenberger women spend more time and effort twisting
straw. The sewing market flourishes. With the production of straw cords, called Drohdel, on homemade Drohdel-machines, the
Lindenberg citizens earn good money for some years. One or more such devices stand in nearly every Lindenberg living room
at this time. 1851
Lindenberg has 1,251 inhabitants. 1852
Award of a “Diploma First Class” for Lindenberg straw hats during the Augsburger industry show. 1853
A railroad line opens connecting Munich to Lindau, which facilitates the important dispatch of the Lindenberg hats. 1862
Establishment of a post office route from Scheidegg to Lindenberg to Roethenbach. 1868
For the last time a horse transport from Lindenberg goes on the country roads over the alps to northern Italy. For
centuries up until this year, Lindenberger horse dealers brought many thousands of riders and carriage horses from Northern
Germany and led them on trusted routes across Augsburg, Lindenberg, and Spluegen or through the Brennerpass to upper Italy.
Lindenberger horse handlers had business addresses in Milan, Rome, and Naples. 1869 Introduction of the first hydraulic hat press. The traditional
ironing establisments for making straw hats still are used until 1879. 1870 The company of Aurel Huber opens the first establishment
for the production of straw hats not connected to a private home. From this manufacturing establishment the first hat factory
is opened. 1873
Straw hat sewing machines are used for the first time during straw hat production. The hat is sewn over a wire form,
beginning with the edge. 1874 Establishment of a telegraph station in Lindenberg. For the first time Manufacturer Aurel Huber goes with samples on a journey to wholesalers
in Munich, Ulm, and Strasbourg. Thus begins hat production by order. 1878 Great development of the Lindenberg straw hat industry.
Protective tax for the German hat. 1880
In addition to processing the preferred Italian straw, now East Asian straw is converted to the production of straw
hats in larger quantities. 1885
Lindenberg has 23 large and small straw hat manufacturers and 13 straw hat dealers. 1887
Improved customs laws make a further boom of the Lindenberg hat industry possible. 1889 Introduction of the column press. They already used high
pressure steam generating units for the operation of the hat presses and the pulling stands as well as for the heating of
the entire company rooms since 1886. 1890 The hat factory of Ottmar Reich builds its own dyeing
factory and bleach plant. In Lindenberg and surrounding areas there are over 34 straw hat manufacturers. 1893 Introduction of the electric current. The first electric
lamps burn in houses on Hirschstrasse. 1899
Establishment of the Lindenberg dyeing factory and bleach plant cooperative by 6 straw hat manufacturers and two edging
dealers, later there will be a bleach plant corporation. 1900 In western Allgäu, and particularly in Lindenberg, roughly
4 million straw hats are produced annually, on average. They are produced by approximately 34 presses, 1500 sewing machines,
280 workshop workers, and 2800 home-workers. 1901 On October first, the railroad line between Roethenbach,
Lindenberg, and Scheidegg is opened. The Bähnle eases congestion caused
by the transport of the light but bulky freight. A customs office opens in Lindenberg because of the increasing foreign trade
with China, Japan, south and Central America, Madagascar, Java, and the Philippines. 1902
Electric current is introduced into the straw hat factories, first as light, then as power. 1908
Lindenberg becomes a market municipality with an urban condition. 1913 Annual production reaches approximately 8 million straw
hats. The city is now center of the German gentleman straw hat industry. 1914 Inauguration of the new city parish church. Shortly after
the outbreak of the First World War, Lindenberg becomes a city. War production included straw soles, bags, horse hoods, and
horse feed bags. 1924
The straw hat industry enters a large crisis. The matelot, a principle product of the domestic straw hat industry,
goes out of fashion. 1926 The high point of the gentleman straw hat industry crisis
is reached, causing numerous factory shutdowns until 1930. 1928 With the manufacturing of lady felt hats the crisis is
overcome. Fashion dictated mainly from Paris requires greater flexibility in the manufacturing of straw and felt hats. 1932 The company Otmar Reich manufactures 12,000 hats in one
day. 1939 The Second World War begins, and hat production is paralyzed
until 1945. The industry changes itself over to war-important products including tropical helmets for Rommel’s army
in North Africa, snow shoes, gas socks for horses, life boats, and other items. 1945
New beginning of the hat production from small stocks leftover from the prewar production. 1946
The company Mayser, Milz & Co. established in their business premises in Lindenberg a hair bobbin manufacturing
plant, using restored machines from Mayser's hat factory in Ulm, which had been completely bombed in 1945. 1948
The company Aurel Huber also begins manufacturing hair bobbins with the help of experienced refugees from the German
east areas. 1950
First wholesale hat purchase fair in Lindenberg. 1951
Lindenberg becomes seat of the men’s hat advertisement slogan: "By the way, one does not go any longer without
a hat." 1953
Introduction of automations to the felt surface processes. 1960
The Lindenberger hat industry begins felt hat production beside the traditional straw - and with the production of
hats from the different materials such as leather, Dralon®, and fur. 1970
Hats from sewing bobbins with heat plasticisable yarn are manufactured. 1971 Mayser, Milz & Co. shift the hair bobbin manufacturing
to Ulm and begin new finishing methods (Inducon and cord goods) in Lindenberg along with classical hat manufacturing processes. 1975 One unfortunately does go without a hat. The hatless fashion
makes it difficult for the industry. Old established hat companies must again stop their production. The hat industry loses
its priority position in the Lindenberger economic life. Lindenberg shows the exhibition: "300 years of hat production". 1978 Lindenberg’s oldest hat factory was demolished.
With this there are only two hat factories left. 1981 The urban hat museum is opened after two years of preliminary work in the former hat factory, "Mercedes." This is the third and finally successful attempt to display the history of an industry which the citizens of Lindenberg lived off of for a long time almost exclusively. The ups and downs of an industry, whose product was subjected to the dictation of fashion, affected and shaped the development of the city of Lindenberg over three centuries. |
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