Joyce and Donald Hervey

Harvey family roots are buried deep in the Northern Neck of Colonial Virginia. By the late 1600's the ancestors of our Hervey family were well established in Northumberland County. In order to understand the forces that attracted this family to America, or perhaps drove them here, we have prepared the following account of the beginnings of modern civilization in that part of the New World known as Virginia.

Most American school age children, if asked to name the first permanent settlement by Europeans in America, could name Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The stories of the colorful Capt. John Smith and of the indian princess Pocahontus who married John Rolfe have been re-played to generation after generation of Americans.

In May, 1607, three boatloads of immigrants reached the northeast shore of the James River, along with Capt. John Smith. The immigrants went to Virginia under direction of The Virginia Company, a group of English investors who were granted a Charter by the King to "aid in and to train'able mariners' for England's protection.'to spread the gospel among the heathen people of Virginia;' to establish new areas for trade; to find precious metals; and to plant a Protestant English colony in a land threatened by Spain." (Encyclopedia Britannica).

Upon arrival of the first three ships in Virginia, the adventurous Capt. John Smith set out to explore many of the waterways connecting the Chesapeake Bay, but did little to plan for survival of the colonists during the coming winter. Thus by the following spring, more than half the group had perished from illness and lack of food. Although more ships arrived in the next three years with additional settlers, starvation, disease, and indian attacks almost destroyed the colony. and by the spring of 1610, only 60 people were alive out of several hundred to reach the shores of Virginia. These remaining 60 settlers were so disillusioned that they voted to leave Virginia, and were about to set sail, when a ship arrived from England with 300 men, including the first full (non-Royal) governor, Thomas West. With the arrival of Thomas West, who ruled with a stern hand, conditions in Jamestown stabilized. The new leaders soon abandoned the communal system, where everyone worked together and all food was combined and distributed equally, and began allowing private ownership of land by individuals. The results were an increase in productivity and in morale. One of the problems faced by the first colonists was finding a marketable product. In 1612, John Rolfe discovered a method of growing tobacco for export, thus improving the economic outlook for the colony, and enticing more substantial colonists to come to Virginia. As soon as it became apparent that English presence in Virginia would be permanent, settlers began moving upriver from Jamestown. Schweitzer (VA Geneal. Research, page 10) describes the situation: "By 1619, Virginia had been divided into four districts called plantations: James City, the city of Henrico. Charles City, and Elizabeth City. Each plantation included a central settlement plus some surrounding settlements, some of which were called hundreds (because they included 100 men). This year of 1619 was extremely important because of four important events: a governing assembly of representatives from the plantations started meeting, black slaves were brought in, the indentured-servant system was inaugurated (a white laborer's passage to VA was paid in exchange for 4-5 years of service), and there was the arrival of 1261 persons including families, 100 apprentices, and 90 young women (all of whom were promptly married), bringing the total population to about 2500.

In the year of 1622, the fledgling colony suffered a severe set-back due to renewal of Indian uprisings. A strategically brilliant series of attacks simultaneously on the several Jamestown plantations by a coalition of indian tribes almost wiped out the English presence in Virginia. Had it not been for a last-minute warning by a young indian boy, Chance, who was like a son to English settler Richard Pace, the indians might well have eliminated the English altogether. As it was, 347 men, women, and children were killed in the massacre.

In 1624, King James I revoked the Virginia Company's charter and made Virginia a royal colony. A series of Royal governors were appointed by the crown of England, to govern Virginia, beginning with Sir John Harvey in 1630. Governor Harvey was unpopular with the colonists because of his high-handed methods and his tobacco and land policies [Encyclopedia Americana, page 16~ Under the royal governor John Harvey's rule, Virginia began its northern and western expansion which continued throughout the Colonial era. With the growth in population of the Virginia plantations, a strong lower house (House of Burgesses) of the General Assembly developed. In 1634 a new system of local government began with the creation of eight civil counties, each with a sheriff, constable, justices of the peace, clerk and coroner. (These civil counties were distinct from church parishes, which were already in existence.) The original eight civil counties were: Accomack (later called Northampton), Charles City, Charles River (later York), Elizabeth City, Henrico. James City. Warrasquoake (later isle of Wight), and Warwick River (later Warwick). Creation of these eight counties was followed not long after by creation of Northumberland County in 1648. Thereafter, as population grew, new counties were formed by carving up the original counties into smaller divisions.

"The figures of 1648 showed that there were 15,000 English in Virginia, 300 negroes, 20,000 cattle, 200 horses and mares and 3,000 sheep-- the wool being woven into cloth on the plantations. There were 5,000 goats, and many wild and tame hogs". Perhaps the most notable Royal governor of Virginia was Sir William Berkeley, who served from 1642-1652 and 1660-1677. The reason for the interruption of his term during the years 1652 to 1660 was that in England, Oliver Cromwell seized the throne from King Charles 1 (1649). Throughout this period of Civil War in England, Virginia remained loyal to the displaced monarch, Charles II. Virginia welcomed hundreds of Royalists (Cavaliers) who fled England for refuge in Virginia. "In 1649 the Virginia Merchant arrived in Jamestown with 300 passengers, and most of them were thought to have been royalists. In 1651, 1610 royalists were shipped to Virginia to be servants, prisoners of war taken at Worcester, mostly Scottish. 'Cavalier' was a political term for supporters of the Stuarts and included the servant class as well as gentry". By 1652, Cromwell peacefully gained control of Virginia and placed the government in the hands of the House of Burgesses. In 1659, the popular Berkeley was elected governor of Virginia by the citizens of Virginia and resumed the royal (appointed) governorship in 1660 with the restoration in England of the monarchy. During the Cromwellian era, "the English Government left VA essentially free to run its own affairs, and they prospered in the rapidly expanding tobacco trade. This era of prosperity ended in 1660 when the King was restored to England's throne. Parliament made laws restricting VA trade to England and the use of English ships, which caused tobacco to pile up and prices to drop, a depression resulting. Discontent, especially among the ruined small farmers, spread and the restored Govenor Berkeley's arrogant favoritism for the large planters, his progressive weakening of the General Assembly, plus his refusal to permit settlers to retaliate against indian attacks brought on Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. 11-12). Berkeley became so unpopular that he was recalled to England in 1677. In July 1682, the depression of the tobacco industry began to let up, as the colonists were again allowed to market their product throughout Europe. [Previously, colonists were allowed to sell their products only in England and to transport them only in English ships.] The population in VA now was largely made up of the ruling group (the large land-holding people who held a few hundred acres of land which they farmed. They were very prosperous in these years, but the increasing importation of slaves to work the plantations would squeeze them out economically. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England, a new monarch who showed genuine concern for VA came to the throne. Settlements were now spreading beyond the Fall Line [imaginary North to South line about 55 niles west of the Tidewater plain, which is actually a rise of about 300 feet], Indian attacks were abating, Huguenot refugees from France were coming in. the College of William and Mary in Middle Plantation (Williamsburg) was chartered in 1693, and the capital was moved from Jamestown to Williamsburg in 1699. In 1700 the population numbered about 72,000"

Snow, in her book of Dameron genealogy quoted The Hornbook of Virginia History, p. 97, to explain the headright system of land distribution in the first years of colonization of Virginia: "The head right system of land distribution was the essence of democracy. from 1610 to 1660, when small farms were profitable and wages for labor four and five times those paid in England, it made the Colony [of Virginia] a veritable land of opportunity for the poor and middle classes across the ocean. By this system each settler, be he nobleman or churl, was entitled to 50 acres; so too were apprentices upon the completion of their apprenticeships. Practically all labor was supplied by white indentured servants until the century's last decade. In 1699 'treasury rights,' which meant the sale of unlimited land by the Colony to those who could pay the treasury five shillings for each 50 acres, were issued, and as a result, before 1715 the head right system had ceased to be an important factor in building Virginia civilization. As plantations grew in number and great landed estates appeared, the position of the small farmer and the white servant steadily deteriorated. The population was almost entirely English."

Snow's commentary on the system (Snow, page 11): "Any man received fifty acres for each new colonist he 'transported' to Virginia, including for himself and wife, and also, curiously enough, for every trip he made or if he brought the same man two or three times. 'Transported' merely means he was the head right of the man who arranged for him to come over and does not imply that he was a servant or a prison escapee. However, I believe the person who collected the head right usually paid his way in the ship, but on the other hand everyone who came arranged to be somebody's head right in order to collect the 50 acres of land."

Before 1680, Negro slavery was a minor source of labor in Virginia. After that date, however, it became the foundation for the great plantations of the Tidewater and lower Piedmont areas. Smaller Tidewater planters moved west to join the waves of new English and Scottish immigrants who settled the Piedmont and Blue Ridge areas of Virginia.

The plantation society that developed in this period "permanently affected Virginia's character. The aristocratic society was a frank imitation of English country gentry society. Its hierarchy of about 350 families perpetuated itself by intermaniage and a virtual monopoly on political offices. The aristocrats lived in comfortable splendor, traded directly on credit with English merchants, and multiplied their wealth by speculating in land and slave trading. The aristocracy defended self-government, viewed political service as a duty and, most important, produced in one generation the great leaders of the Revolutionary and early national periods" (Encyclopedia Americana, page 161). "Of the first ten[U.S.] presidents, six were born in Virginia, and all of these but Jefferson were born in the tidewater region--meaning where the tide reaches up the big rivers, such as to Richmond on the James" (Snow, page 84).

In 1648, fourteen years following the creation (in 1634) by the General Assembly of the eight original counties of Virginia, Northumberland was created. It was the northernmost county and stretched from the Chesapeake Bay westward into the present state of West Virginia. It included the peninsula south of the Potomac River (the Northern Neck) and extended southward surrounding both shores of the Rapahannock River. Very shortly after the creation of Northumberland, new counties began to subdivide from the original: Lancaster in 1651, Westmoreland in 1653, Rappahannock (now extinct) in 1656, Stafford in 1664, Middlesex in 1675, and so on. The present counties of Northumberland, Lancaster, Westmoreland, and Richmond comprise the "Northern Neck" of Virginia, which is geographically the peninsula between the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers. "in Potomac Landings, Paul Wilstach says: 'Northumberland was divided in 1653. A new county was established ... called Westmoreland and, even in its restricted bounds, showed a fertility in the production of wealthy planters and of early republican scholars and heroes unequalled by any other county in America." p. 64. 'They brought with them their heritage of character from generations of gentle ancestry in England. They were royalists, sometimes called Cavaliers, driven out of England by the Puritan success and the establishment of the Commonwealth in 1649, and they continued to come in large numbers until the restoration of the royalty in 1660. They transplanted ... a replica of the English social, domestic and religious life." (Snow, p. 84).

"The Northern Neck people are known in Virginia as the most clannish and proud. This pride was one factor in producing the Revolutionary patriots of the time because they would not let the English king have his own way and had more pride than those in England who retained a servant-psychology of caste. As early as 1766 a hundred and fifteen 'gentlemen of westmoreland' assembled with Richard Henry Lee and their set of 'Resolves' was the first gun of the Revolution." (Snow, p. 85)

James B. Cabell's description of the people of the Northern Neck (quoted by Snow, p. 85) says: "The Northern Neck avoids hurry and above all else, it is conservative... few of the first settlers' descendants have left the peninsula of their own will... no railway has ever entered the Northern Neck... The peninsula, in brief, was settled for the most part by persons of the upper classes who had the means to provide for themselves an especial and carefree sort of self- sufficiency such as does not any longer exist upon the earth..

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The responsibility of the church was considerably more than just that of providing moral and spiritual guidance for its members. It was required by law to keep parish registers, in which were recorded vital statistics of all residents of the parishes. Unfortunately, most of these early church registers were lost after the decline, following disestablishment in 1786 of the state church, and a valuable source of genealogical information disappeared with the registers (Clark, pages 75-77).

According to Schweitzer (page 10-11), "As early as 1624, there were 13 parishes, and 22 clergymen had been sent from England. The churches functioned as places of worship, centers of social activity, enforcers of morality, and certifiers and record keepers for the rites of passage (christenings, marriages, deaths). Each parish was governed by an elected vestry who chose the minister under the supervision of the bishop.

To the frequent dismay of the official church hierarchy, the Society of Friends (Quaker) presence in colonial Virginia was significant. By 1657 Quaker missionaries were in Virginia. There is an account of two Quakers, Josiah Cole and Thomas Thurston, being thrown into prison at Jamestown. The master of the ship that brought them was fined and told to return them from whence they came. They were, however, allowed to proceed to Maryland. The most conspicuous presence of the Friends in early Virginia was on the "Eastern Shore" across the Chesapeake Bay from Jamestown, in Northampton County. Geographically, Northampton County was more accessible to Maryland than to the Tidewater counties of Virginia so much of the interaction of the Friends missionaries was with the settlers of Maryland rather than those of Virginia.

Prior to 1660, there was no law in Virginia against the practice of the Quaker religion. The persecution of those who embraced the religion in the colonies merely followed the practice prevalent in England of repression of the faith. In 1660, the year the Royalist party returned to power, Virginia passed its first anti-Quaker law, and subsequently banished or severely punished Quakers caught preaching or practicing the faith and fined those who entertained Quakers or permitted Quaker assemblies in or near their houses. In spite of the severity of the Royalist government, the numbers of the sect grew rapidly. Finally, in 1688 the Act of Toleration was passed and some of the persecution diminished. "Meade describes the Quakers in Accomac, across the bay from Northumberland, in 1650- 1660, where they were charged with blasphemy, defying law and vilifying the ministers. They had a log church there. In 1711 Spotswood reported that they refused even to permit their servants to work on fortifications" (Snow, p. 87).

The Anglican church was the predominant religion of Northumberland. The county was originally divided into two parishes. The parish of the upper part of the county was called at various times Chicacone, Fairfields, Yeocomico, and St. Stephens, and the parish in the lower part was called Wicocomoco (Snow, p. 12-b to 12-d). Clark (page 129) says the Wicocomico Parish was created in 1648 and underwent name changes and boundary changes before 1664 when the present boundary lines were established.

Wicocomoco (later called simply Wicomico) parish church was organized in 1655 by Lawrence Dameron who provided it with churches, warden, and vestry (Snow, p. 12-b). The church became the social center of the community and of much of the civil administration, which was in the hands of the church wardens (Dameron, p. 4). Ons microfilm of Vestry Books of Wicomico Parish has been preserved on microfilm and coven the period 1703-1795. These books cover Vie vestry's administration of its duties (Clark, page 129).

Most early vestry books of the Northern Neck no longer exist. "Even a seventeenth century tombstone is a rarity in Northumberland and Westmoreland... the earliest tangible evidence of particular parishes in this neighbourhood is found in the inscription on an old communion cup, showing that it was presented by Hancoce Lee of Ditchley Hall to Lee Parish in 1711. Ditchley looked out upon the Chesapeake from the lower shores of the county... The first references to the permanently established parishes of St. Stephen and Wycomico in Northumberland are found in county lists of 1754 and 1758... The first church in Overwharton was built near Potomac Creek and shared with Wycomico in Northumberland the distinction of being among the largest churches built in all colonial Virginia" (Snow, p. 81, quoting Paul Wilstach in Potomac Landings).

"One of the famous old books on Virginia is Bishop Meade's Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Viroinia.... Article LIX says the Northumberland border with Lancaster was settled in 1673, and there are no records until 1754 when Wycomico Parish had Rev. John Leland as minister, ordained by the Bishop of London, 1775. This was the Church of England, Episcopal. In 1787 David Ball was lay delegate and in 1789 it was] Mr. Onesiphorous Harvey of Wicomico. In 1795 the lay delegates of "Wycomico" were Hopkins, Hardy and Thos. Hunt. In 1797 the delegate was Thos. Gaskins and in 1799 William Davenport and Thos. Harvey. After 1813 there was no regular minister. Lancaster ministered to them" (Snow, p 86).

"Wicomico Church 'was the largest of the old churches in Virginia of which I have any knowledge. It was built about the beginning of the Revolutionary War.' Meade says, p. 133. It was built in 1771. By 1838 two old churches in Vie area were in ruins and a third on the way, Wicomico being the third, he notes." "On p. 468, Meads gives a list of the vestrymen of St. Stephens Parish in Northumberland: (quoted Snow, p. 87)

1720 Mr. Thomas Hughlett
1738 Mr. Spencer Ball
1770 John Williams and Joseph Ball
1772 James Ball
He gave the vestrymen of Wicomico Parish in Northumberland as these:
1770 George Dameron, Capt. David Ball Sr., and Capt. David Ball, Jr., Capt. Thos. Gaskins, Col. Thos. Gaskins, John Eustace, Capt. John Heath, Mr. William Taylor
1772 Mr. Chas. Coppedge, Col. Chas. Lee
1784 Capt. Gee. Ingram
Onesiphorous Harvey Sutton. Lattimore, Harding, Hurst, Harvey
1796 Thos. W. Hughlett"

In a scholarly article by John E. Manahan, PhD, in the Bulletin of Northumberland Co. Historical Sec., he examined the politics of the first families that settled in Northumberland County. Mr. Manahan took a list of names of 101 men who signed a document known as the "Northumberland Oath", and compared the names with known Royalist (followers of the King) or Roundhead (followers of Cromwell) families in England and in Virginia. The document, which stated, "Wee whose names are subscribed doe promise and ingage ourselves to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth of England as it is now established without King or house of Lordes, Signed April 13, 1652 at Coan". was a pledge of allegiance to Cromwell's Parliament in England. The signers of the Oath represented both Royalists and Roundheads. Obviously some of the signers had political leanings which belied their confessed allegiance to the Commonwealth (or could they have changed their allegiance?).

In England, Catholics were usually Royalists; whereas, in America, many Catholics had become disenchanted with the rule of the Lords Baltimore in Maryland and fled to Virginia, either switching their allegiance from the Crown of England to the Usurper (Cromwell), or at least becoming more sympathetic to his cause.

Mr. Manahan theorized that Puritans and Catholics on the rebound from Lord Baltimore's rule in Maryland were the first group to come to Northumberland and settle on the Coan river. As the 1650's progressed many of the King's men from England fled the Commonwealth and went to Northumberland, thus making an interesting mixture of Royalist and Roundhead in the area. The first land grant issued in Northumberland County was to Richard Thompson, Jr. on April 5, 1649, for land on Wiokocomoke Creek, There followed grants to many English gentlemen whose family surnames appeared on lists of known Royalists published in England. On these Royalists lists appeared many names, such as John Harvey of Suffolk, that were familiar to the Northumberland ear.

In addition to the English, other groups of foreigners entered Northumberland. Some were religious exiles sympathetic to the Puritans, who came originally from Scotland. France, or the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Sweden or Holland, probably via Maryland, and settled the Northern Neck of Virginia.

Of the two parishes in Northumberland, St. Stephens, the larger and northern parish, was more Roundhead in politics than the parish of Wicomico. Mr. Manahan listed names of Northumberland families that he classified as clearly Roundhead or Puritan. Among this list appeared the names of Onesiphorus Harvey and Onesiphorus Dameron. In his list of leading families of Northumberland before the Revolution, Mr. Manahan included these names: Gaskinses, Damerons, Mahanes, Steptoes, Taylors, Heaths, Edwardses, Smiths, Coppedges, Nutts, Hudnalls, Jameses, Waddeys. Prichards, Tignors, Hughletts, Webbs. Coleses, and many others. The ones listed above are familiar family names of persons who have inter-married with or been closely connected to the Hervey/Harvey family throughout its historv and movement of the family from Virginia to North Carolina, Tennessee, and ultimately to Texas.

Lawrence Dameron came to Northumberland County, Virginia about 1650 (Snow, p. 11) and he probably was of the Cavalier tradition and the Damerons are considered among the F.F.V. Ifirsf families of Virginia]. The Guarding Point manor house built by Thomas was used by Governor Berkeley during his exile at the time of Bacon's Rebellion, which perhaps means that its owner, George Dameron, was sympathetic to him. It was said to have been the finest house in the county, with windows wide enough to put a whole bed through.

Snow, p. 84: "The Damerons were a part of this Cavalier migration. However, we find the daughter of Dorothy Dameron Gaskins named Dorothy becoming a Quaker and marrying one, Onecephrous Harvey. We do not know what their connections were in England, but no doubt the Damerons came over with their group of friends and relatives to Northumberland." From Snow, p. 12-14: Dorothy Dameron, was born 1656 (daughter of Lawrence and Dorothy Dameron). Deposition made July 29, 1726 gave her age as 70, married first to Josias Gaskins and second to Samuel Mahan. She is mentioned in Northumberland County Court Orders: "16 Sept. 1703, motion of Samuel Mahons and Dorothy his wife, Relid of Joseph Gaskins, a corn. of adm." On June 22, 1705, "Samuel Mahan and Dorothy his wife late Dorothy Gaskins adm. of Josias Gaskins, sued by Nicholas Seabourne.

Dorothy Dameron Gaskins had a son Josias Gaskins and a daughter Dorothy Gaskins who married Onecephrous Harvey, a Quaker. Snow quotes Fleet's Northumberland County Records: "The Grand Jury having presented Dorothy Gaskins for having a bastard child and Onecephrous Harvey coming into court affirmed that the said Dorothy is and for some time before the child was born (for which she was presented) was his wife, and that they were married according to the rule of the Quakers whose religion they profess, and having here in Court proved such their marriage, the said Presentment is therefore dismissed the said Harvie paying costs. 18 Nov. 1713. 6.5" Harvey was presented for not going to church in Wicomico Parish, 18 Nov, 1714, and again in 1717.(6.9).

John Manahan, in his observations of the Northumberland first families, speculated that the change in spelling of the name Gascoyne to Gaskins in Virginia, which occurred about the time of Cromwell's rise to power, was deliberate to obscure the Royalist connections of the family. He concluded from early patents and deeds that Elizabeth, the wife of Thomas Gaskins, first of the family to settle in Northumberland County. was a Gambling (Gamelyn. Gamlyn). The family of that name lived at Spalding, County Lincoln, England, and were known to be Royalists. Gamlyn family records show a descent from Ashtons, Mainwan`ngs, and Hampdens, three grand old English families. Several Ashtons and Gamblings emigrated to Northumberland.

Following are several entries from page 45, 580, 592 of Fleet's Northumbria Collectanea: Harvey. Mrs. Dorothy. married Onecephorus Harvey some time before 18th Nov 1713. 6.5
Harvie, Jno. Wit will of Jno Webb 4 June 1709. 17.102.
Harvie, Jno. of Wicco par. Presented for swearing. 15 May 1717. 6.207.
Harvey, Onecephorus, Wit deed Mahane to Chilton. 16 July 1705. 17.122.
Harvey, Onecephorus. The Grandjury having presented Dorothy Gaskins for having a bastard child and Onecephorus Harvey coming into Court affirmed that the said Dorothy is and for some time before the child was bome (for which she was presented) was his wife, and that they were marryed according to the Rule of the Quakers whose Reliaion they profess And having here in Court proved such their marryage the said Presentment is therefore dismissed the said Harvie paying Costs 18 Nov, 1713. 6.5
Harvie, Onecepherus Presented for not going to Church in Wicco par 18 Nov 1714. 6.91. IQuaker]. Harvey, Onecephorus. Wit will of Patrick Pollick. 4 Dec 1702 Re-recthis will 16 Jan 1716/17. 17.235.
Harvey, Onecep: Presented for not going to Church in Wicco par. 15th May 1 717 6.208
Munslow, Valentine. Nucupative Will. Sworn 18 June 1712 by Onesephorus Harvey and Jno Brown. Gives plantation etc to his Godson Vallentine Hester, he failing in heirs to Mary Hester, she failing in heirs to Jno Gouch. That Eliz Gaskins was an evidence. 18.185.
Pollick, Patrick. Will 4 Dec 1702. Prob date missing. Exors Wife Jane and her son John who is now under 18. All est to wife. Wit: John Harris, Antho Haynie and Onecepherus Harvey Rerecorded 16 Jan 1716/17 by Abra: Ingram. Jno ingram and Onecephorus Harvey. 17.235. (Quakers).
Webb, John, of St. Stephens Parish. Will. Dated 4 June 1709. Prob. 20 July 1709. Jno. Harvie, Witness

A bit about the Roebuck family is given by James Garland Bullock in his history of the Bullock family. About the year 1674, two Brothers, Robert2 and George Roebuck (sons of Robert Roebuck1 of Wiccocomoco, England) emigrated to Virginia, The two brothers spent some time in Maryland and ended up in Northumberland County, Virginia by 1699. Mr. Bullock knew nothing of the subsequent history of George Roebuck. Robert2, who died 1708109 in Virginia, had a son, Robert3, born 1680/90 in Northampton County, Virginia, who married Elizabeth, had several children, and died ca. August 1751 in Northumberland. One of the children of Robert3 was a daughter who married William Harvey (died 1746)

Bullock, James Garland, Families of Bullock, Roebuck, compiled by James Garland Roebuck, (1970- )
Greensboro, NC, 1977, LDS Call No. CS71 8936 1977.
Clark, Jewell T. & Elizabeth Terry Long, A Guide to Church Records in the Archives Branch Virginia State Library, Richmond, VA Stale Library.
Dameron, Alfred Speer, Historical and genealogical sketch of the Dameron family of England and Virginia, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1977, p. 7.
Duvall, Lindsay O., Northumberland Co. Court Orders 1678- 1713, VA Colonial Abstract series 2, Vol. 1.
Fleet, Beverly, Northumbria Collectanea, 1645-1720, V. 19- 20, VA Colonial Abstracts, publ. Richmond, 1943-44.
Fleet, Beverly, Virginia Colonial Abstracts, 34 volumes, reprinted in 3 volumes in 1988 by Geneal. Publ. Co. of Baltimore.
Hinshaw, William Wade, "Virginia Yearly Meeting," Encyclopedia of American Quaker Records, Ann Arbor, MI, 1950, pp 5-7.
Hornbook of Virginia History, [quoted by Helen Foster Snow in The Dameron-Damron Genealogy, Madison, Con.., microfilmed by L.D.S. church 1973].
Manahan, John E., PhD, "The Old Families of Nortlumberland and their Politics," Bulletin of the Northumberland County Historical Society, Vol, 6, No. 1, 1969., p. 518.
Meade, W., Old Churches, Ministers, and Families of Virginia, [quoted by Helen Foster Snow in The Darneron-Damron Genealogy, Madison, Con., microfilmed by L.D.S. church 1973].
Nugent, N. M., Cavaliers and Pioneers, 1931 [quoted by Helen Foster Snow in The Dameron-Damron Genealogy, Madison, Con.., microfilmed by L.D.S. church 1973].
Snow, Helen Foster, The Dameron-Damron Genealogy, Madison, Con., microfilmed by L.D.S. church 1973].
Schweitzer, George K., Ph.D., Sc.D, Virginia Genealogical Research, Knoxville, TN, 1982.
"Virginia," Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol, 23, Univ. of Chicago, 1968, p. 40. "Virginia," Encyclopedia Americana, Vol. 28, New York: Americana Corporation, 1966, pp 160-161.
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography William and Mary Ouarterly Historical Magazine.