NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE, NOAA

PITTSBURGH, PA

SKYWARN INFORMATION SHEET

 

Severe Weather Backup phone Number 412-262-1988 (Severe weather only!)
Fax number 412-262-2034
E-spotter espotter.weather.gov
E-mail : PBZ-Skywarn@noaa.gov
NWS Pittsburgh Website www.erh.noaa.gove/er/pbz
NOAA Weather Radio website: www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr
Storm Prediction Center www.spc.noaa.gov
Heavy Precipitation Center (NCEP) www.hpc.ncep.noaa/gov
NWS/NOAA Online Weather School www.srh.noaa.gov/jetstream
AHPS River Flood Monitoring www.weather.gov/ahps
CocoRahs website www.cocorahs.org
Basic SKYWARN Brochure (PDF File) www.nws.noaa/gov/om/brochures/basicsport.pdf
Advanced SKYWARN Brochure (PDF File) www.nws.noaa/gov/om/brochures/advspg.pdf
NWS Amateur Radio Frequency 147.09 MHz, Backup - 146.88 MHz

IMPORTANT WEATHER TO REPORT
When you report to the NWS, either by phone or amateur radio, please give your SKYWARN number, your location (including your county), and the time of the observation. Try to report as soon as possible after observing the event and, remember to be careful! Please concentrate on the following phenomena:

SNOWFALL   After 2 inches of new snow, and then at 4 inches, 6 inches, and every 3 inches thereafter
(e.g.., 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, etc..)
FREEZING RAIN   As soon as you observe the occurrence of freezing rain or freezing drizzle, especially if
it starts to collect on objects. Call again if the glaze / ice accumulation exceeds 1/4 inch
THUNDER SNOW   Location and time of occurrence
WIND SPEEDS   Report wind speeds greater than 40 mph
RAINFALL   Report when you receive one inch (and then at least every inch thereafter)
FUNNEL CLOUD   A "rotating" appendage descending from the base of a cumulonimbus cloud,
but not touching the ground. If possible, always look at the area beneath the funnel cloud
for flying debris. If flying debris is observed, it is a tornado.
TORNADO   Violently rotating column of air descending from a cumulonimbus cloud and touching
the ground. Look for flying debris. If possible, report any injuries or fatalities
HAIL   Report any size hail. Specify the diameter based on the hail scale (see other side)
FLOODING   Report any flooding you observe, including basement, road, stream, creek, and ice jam
flooding. Report the name of the stream / creek, road number / name (if applicable) and depth
DAMAGE   Report all storm-related damage (large branches, fallen trees, structural damage,
flood damage, etc..) Even if it is several days after the event.
DEWPOINT SCALE
Degrees "F" 50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 >70
Thunderstorm chance Poor Fair Moderate Good Excellent

 

HAIL SCALE
Pea Small Marble Dime Nickel Quarter Half Dollar Golfball Baseball Softball
(0.25 in) (0.50 in) (0.75 in) (0.88 in) (1.00 in) (1.25 in) (1.75 in) (2.75 in) (4.00 in)
FUJITA SCALE
FO = Gale Tornado [winds 40 to 72 mph]
F1 = Moderate Tornado [winds 73 to 112 mph]
F2 = Significant Tornado [winds 113 to 157 mph]
F3 = Severe Tornado [winds 158 to 206 mph]
F4 = Devastating Tornado [winds 207 to 260 mph]
F5 = (Rare) Incredible Tornado [winds 261 to 318 mph]
(ENHANCED FUJITA SCALE - FEBRUARY 2007)
EFO = Gale Tornado [winds 65 to 85 mph]
EF1 = Moderate Tornado [winds 86 to 110 mph]
EF2 = Significant Tornado [winds 111 to 135 mph]
EF3 = Severe Tornado [winds 136 to 165 mph]
EF4 = Devastating Tornado [winds 166 to 220 mph]
EF5 = (Rare) Incredible Tornado [winds >200 mph]
ESTIMATED WIND SCALE
25-31 MPH     Large branches in motion; whistling in telephone wires
32-38 MPH Entire trees in motion; slight difficulty walking against wind
39-54 MPH Twigs break off trees; wind generally impedes progress
55-72 MPH Damage to chimneys and TV antenna; large limbs / branches down
73-112 MPH Roof surfaces damaged; windows broken; light mobile homes moved or overturned;
moving vehicles pushed off road
113-157 MPH Roofs torn off; weak buildings and mobile homes destroyed
>158 MPH Severe damage; cars lifted completely off ground
DEFINITIONS
Severe Thunderstorm A thunderstorm which produces hail to 3/4 inch in diameter
or larger and/or wind gusts to 58 mph (50 kts) or greater
Watch Conditions are favorable for the weather event in or near the watch area.
The weather event is imminent or occurring in the warned area
Warning The weather event is imminent or occuring in the warned area
Advisory The weather event will be an inconvenience. However, if caution is not exercised,
it could become life-threatening (mostly during the winter months)
Flash Flood A flood caused by heavy rainfall in a short period of time, generally less than 6 hrs
Flood Inundation caused by heavy rain which generally takes greater than 6 hrs to occur
Tornado A violently rotating column of air which extends from a thunderstorm
and it is in contact with the ground
Funnel Cloud A rotating, funnel-shaped cloud extending from the base of a thunderstorm
and is not in contact with the ground
Downburst A strong downdraft with an out rush of damaging wind on or near the ground
  Macroburst - swath of damaging wind more than 2.5 miles wide
Microburst - swath of damaging wind 2.5 miles wide or less

 

 

 

 

 

SKYWARN FAQ'S
SKYWARN recertification - every 5 years
SKYWARN Newsletter issued twice a year and displayed on our website
Your SKYWARN number will remain the same unless you are dropped from our database
NWS Pittsburgh SKYWARN list group :
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/skywarn_pittsburgh

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