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In October titusonenine hosted a "fun with statistics" contest. (See
http://titusonenine.classicalanglican.net/?p=15622 for the questions and discussion). It was so interesting that I thought
I would pursue some of the issues that came up in the discussion. One prominent topic in the ensuing discussion was that it
would be good to evaluate changes in average Sunday attendance with respect to the changes in the population. I have put together
a data set that allows such analysis. Here are the results of slicing the data a few different ways.
If you have questions, comments, or thoughts on other ways to slice
the data, feel free to email me at
========================================================== 1) The median change in ASA between 1992 and
2004 was -9%. The (unweighted) mean was -6.8%. The 10 dioceses with the biggest percentage declines in ASA, and the percentage
change in population were:
diocese % ASA change % pop change
1. Rochester -25.449 1.833
2. Eastern Michigan -23.872 6.919
3. Central New York -23.812 -2.927
4. Western New York -23.315 -3.013
5. Western Massachusett -22.341 5.584
6. Spokane -22.162 20.932
7. South Dakota -19.907 8.738
8. Iowa -19.895
5.201
9. Northern Michigan -19.885 -0.742
10. Western Louisiana -19.788 4.245 To
some degree, the declines in Central and Western New York reflect the drop in population. Spokane, on the other hand, had
large declines in an area with a relatively fast-growing population (21st fastest of the 99 diocese considered). ========================================================== 2)
The 10 dioceses with the fastest growing population between 1992 and 2004, and their change in ASA were:
% ASA % pop diocese
change change
1. Nevada
9.053 75.314
2. Arizona -2.502
48.277
3. Atlanta 9.370
39.609
4. Dallas 25.553
35.815
5. Central Florida -8.995 34.663
6. Utah
7.316 32.897
7. Colorado -1.072 31.774
8. Idaho
3.517 31.401
9. North Carolina 10.215 31.127
10. Southwest Florida -11.527 29.392
Nevada's ASA grew, but much less than the population explosion in Nevada.
Central and Southwest Florida had significant declines, and Colorado a small decline, even as the population grew. ========================================================== 3)
The 10 dioceses with the lowest population growth between 1992 and 2004, and their change in ASA were:
% ASA % pop diocese
change change
1. Pittsburgh -5.575 -3.273
2. Western New York -23.315 -3.013
3. Central New York -23.812 -2.927
4. Quincy -14.455
-2.019
5. Northern Michigan -19.885 -0.742
6. Northwestern Pennsyl -15.989 -0.684
7. North Dakota -9.100 0.139
8. West Virginia -13.015 0.392
9. Western Kansas -15.480 1.001
10. Albany -10.405
1.623
Pittsburgh's population shrunk more than any other diocese, but the ASA
change was small relative to the population change when compared to the ASA change in other dioceses with negative or small
population growth. ========================================================== 4) The top ten dioceses in terms
of ASA growth, and their population change were:
% ASA % pop diocese
change change
1. South Carolina 38.196 14.000
2. Dallas 25.553
35.815
3. Tennessee 24.042 25.461
4. Texas 16.243
28.558
5. Western North Caroli 11.941 17.372
6. North Carolina 10.215 31.127
7. Rio Grande 10.125 18.119
8. San Diego 10.055 14.763
9. Atlanta 9.370
39.609
10. Nevada 9.053
75.314
South Carolina's ASA growth actually exceeded the population growth.
Tennessee was close. Dallas had significant ASA growth, but even bigger population growth. The ASA growth in Atlanta and Nevada
is small compared to the population growth. ========================================================== 5)
The median ASA as a percentage of the population of a diocese is 0.25%; the unweighted mean is 0.29%. The dioceses with the
highest percentage of the population in 2004 (and their percentage of the population in 1992, and percent change in ASA) were:
diocese %pop2004 %pop1992 % ASA change
1. Virginia 0.861
1.010 8.907
2. South Carolina 0.801 0.661 38.196
3. Easton 0.772
0.984 -6.879
4. Washington 0.638 0.796
-10.917
5. Rhode Island 0.636 0.832 -17.502
6. Connecticut 0.609 0.740
-12.067
7. Florida 0.566
0.676 5.440
8. Southern Virginia 0.517 0.596 -4.175
9. Delaware 0.505
0.613 -0.804
10. Vermont 0.502
0.611 -10.499
Virginia has the largest share of the population. The ASA grew, but not as fast as the population, so the share
of the population fell.
These are all eastern seaboard dioceses (Easton is the Eastern Shore
of Maryland, Washington is Washington DC and the surrounding suburbs in Maryland.) The fact that the denomination has not
penetrated very well west of the Atlantic coast might indicate a general lack of evangelical efforts historically. (Only Wyoming,
ranked 11, is in the top 30 at 0.48%.) ========================================================== 6) Relative
to the population, only 1 diocese grew: South Carolina, which increased from 0.66% to 0.80% of the population. The change
in percentage of .14 points is a growth of 21% (that is 0.14/0.66). The (unweighted) mean was a decline of 0.06 percentage
points, the median was a decline of 0.05 percentage points.
diff
% change in % % pop % ASA Rank by
diocese in % pop pop change change % ASA change
1. South Carolina 21.225 0.140 14.000
38.196 1 2.
Tennessee -1.131 -0.003 25.461 24.042
3 3. Pittsburgh -2.380 -0.007
-3.273 -5.575 39 4.
Alabama -3.202 -0.011 9.688 6.176
14 5. San Diego -4.102
-0.012 14.763 10.055 8
6. Western North Caroli -4.627 -0.021 17.372 11.941
5 7. Rio Grande -6.768 -0.017
18.119 10.125 7 8.
Kansas -6.932 -0.019 10.115 2.482
21 9. Southwestern Virgini -6.944 -0.027 5.232 -2.076
30 10. Georgia -7.165
-0.027 13.127 5.021 16 11.
East Carolina -7.450 -0.031 16.627 7.939
12 12. Dallas -7.556
-0.028 35.815 25.553 2 13.
Kentucky -7.573 -0.015 9.501 1.208
22 14. Alaska -8.279
-0.027 12.040 2.764 20 15.
Western Michigan -8.547 -0.018 13.406 3.713
17 16. New York -8.618
-0.036 10.664 1.127 23 17.
North Dakota -9.226 -0.014 0.139 -9.100
51 18. Southern Ohio -9.508 -0.018
6.876 -3.286 33 19.
Texas -9.580 -0.036 28.558 16.243
4 20. California -11.157 -0.031
9.439 -2.771 32 21.
Louisiana -11.581 -0.032 6.576 -5.767
40 22. Albany -11.836
-0.062 1.623 10.405 53 23.
Quincy -12.693 -0.025 -2.019 -14.455 75
24. Southern Virginia -13.201 -0.079 10.399 -4.175
35 25. West Virginia -13.355 -0.033
0.392 -13.015 69 26.
Springfield -13.769 -0.017 2.316 -11.772
63 27. Mississippi -14.436 -0.044
11.132 -4.911 37 28.
Virginia -14.791 -0.149 27.812 8.907
11 29. Maine
-14.853 -0.069 6.412 -9.393 52
30. Oklahoma -14.920 -0.033
9.967 -6.439 42 31.
El Camino Real -15.317 -0.037 11.677 -5.429
38 32. Northwestern Pennsyl -15.410 -0.042 -0.684 -15.989
80 33. North Carolina -15.948 -0.059 31.127
10.215 6 34. Upper South Carolina -16.205
-0.069 18.542 -0.668 27 35.
Florida -16.250 -0.110 25.898 5.440
15 36. Western Kansas -16.318 -0.038 1.001
-15.480 77 37.
Arkansas -16.332 -0.037 14.866 -3.894
34 38. Maryland -16.777
-0.088 10.840 -7.756 47 39.
Eastern Oregon -16.965 -0.054 24.846 3.666
18 40. Olympia -17.255
-0.052 21.185 0.274 25 41.
Delaware -17.524 -0.107 20.272 -0.804
28 42. Connecticut -17.696 -0.131
6.839 -12.067 64 43.
Massachusetts -17.776 -0.098 7.353 -11.730
62 44. Los Angeles -17.778 -0.026
16.214 -4.446 36 45.
Vermont -17.864 -0.109 8.966 -10.499
54 46. Central Gulf Coast -18.350 -0.084 13.748 -7.125
44 47. Wyoming -18.657
-0.111 9.147 -11.216 59 48.
West Tennessee -18.820 -0.060 9.885 -10.795
55 49. Utah
-19.249 -0.017 32.897 7.316 13
50. Northern Michigan -19.287 -0.064 -0.742 -19.885
91 51. Ohio
-19.378 -0.039 1.768 -17.953 87
52. Nebraska -19.421 -0.052
9.067 -12.115 65 53.
Bethlehem -19.579 -0.052 8.459 -12.776
68 54. Washington -19.829 -0.158
11.117 -10.917 56 55.
Pennsylvania -19.918 -0.114 4.134 -16.608
83 56. Lexington -19.985 -0.041
11.075 -11.123 57 57.
Fond du Lac -20.041 -0.040 11.067 -11.191
58 58. East Tennessee -20.399 -0.063 16.023
-7.644 46 59. Northwest Texas
-20.440 -0.048 4.520 -16.844 84
60. Michigan -20.759 -0.059
2.893 -18.466 88 61. Western
New York -20.933 -0.096 -3.013 -23.315
96 62. Idaho
-21.220 -0.047 31.401 3.517 19
63. Fort Worth -21.476 -0.083
28.547 0.940 24 64.
Central New York -21.515 -0.102 -2.927 -23.812
97 65. Easton -21.528
-0.212 18.668 -6.879 43 66.
Northern California -21.595 -0.044 19.759 -6.103
41 67. Atlanta -21.660
-0.073 39.609 9.370 9 68.
Indianapolis -21.665 -0.033 11.851 -12.382
67 69. Milwaukee -21.761 -0.048
8.802 -14.874 76 70.
Long Island -22.042 -0.067 10.241 -14.058
71 71. West Texas -22.477 -0.067
28.441 -0.428 26 72.
Missouri -22.612 -0.044 8.056 -16.377
81 73. New Jersey -22.700 -0.109
13.584 -12.199 66 74.
Newark -22.860 -0.075 8.128 -16.589
82 75. Central Pennsylvania -22.972 -0.065 7.713 -17.030
85 76. Western Louisiana -23.055 -0.061 4.245
-19.788 90 77.
Hawaii -23.107 -0.081 9.757 -15.605
79 78. Chicago -23.253
-0.049 12.356 -13.770 70 79.
Rhode Island -23.563 -0.196 7.930 -17.502
86 80. Oregon -23.831
-0.072 20.190 -8.453 49 81.
Iowa -23.855 -0.039 5.201 -19.895
92 82. Montana -24.033
-0.069 12.704 -14.382 74 83.
New Hampshire -24.117 -0.116 16.751 -11.406
60 84. Eau Claire -24.596 -0.036
12.040 -15.517 78 85.
Northern Indiana -24.652 -0.037 7.783 -18.787
89 86. Minnesota -24.658 -0.056
13.978 -14.127 72 87.
Colorado -24.926 -0.094 31.774 -1.072
29 88. West Missouri -25.393 -0.060 14.763
-14.379 73 89.
South Dakota -26.343 -0.120 8.738 -19.907
93 90. Western Massachusett -26.448 -0.147 5.584 -22.341
95 91. Southeast Florida -26.734 -0.091 26.410
-7.385 45 92.
Rochester -26.791 -0.126 1.833 -25.449
99 93. San Joaquin -26.945 -0.041
25.498 -8.317 48 94.
Eastern Michigan -28.799 -0.046 6.919 -23.872
98 95. Southwest Florida -31.624 -0.171 29.392 -11.527
61 96. Central Florida -32.420 -0.169 34.663
-8.995 50 97.
Arizona -34.246 -0.095 48.277 -2.502
31 98. Spokane -35.635
-0.086 20.932 -22.162 94 99.
Nevada -37.796 -0.061 75.314 9.053
10
As discussed on the titusonenine blog, looking at the ASA relative
to population change presents a very different picture. South Carolina is a growing diocese no matter how examined. But Pittsburgh,
a slightly shrinking diocese, is doing very well when considering the population decline in the area. Nevada, which grew,
is at the bottom in relative growth.
========================================================== 7)
Here is how the 11 ACN dioceses did relative to their population change. The number on the left is the rank when sorted
by percent change in percent population.
diff
% change in % % pop % pop
diocese in % pop pop 2004 1992 1. South
Carolina 21.225 0.140 0.801 0.661
3. Pittsburgh -2.380 -0.007
0.288 0.295
7. Rio Grande -6.768 -0.017
0.229 0.245
12. Dallas -7.556
-0.028 0.341 0.369
22. Albany -11.836
-0.062 0.458 0.520
23. Quincy -12.693
-0.025 0.169 0.194
26. Springfield -13.769 -0.017 0.103
0.120
36. Western Kansas -16.318 -0.038 0.193 0.230
63. Fort Worth -21.476 -0.083 0.302
0.385
93. San Joaquin -26.945 -0.041 0.111
0.153
96. Central Florida -32.420 -0.169 0.353 0.522
The averages percent change in percent of population by ACN affiliation: Not
ACN -18.58384 ACN
-11.90327 ACN dioceses are doing not doing as bad as non-ACN TEC dioceses.
The Average Sunday Attendance (ASA) data was downloaded from Stand Firm http://www.standfirminfaith.com/media/ECUSA_1992-2004_attendance.xls. The 1994-2004 data is available as a pdf from the official Episcopal church website: http://www.dfms.org/research_28437_ENG_HTM.htm. The population data is derived from census county-level annual estimates of population. Each county was assigned
to a diocese. The assignments were determined by reviewing the public information on diocesan websites (To Dale Rye: Texas
was a pain, but not the worst--at least they clearly define the boundaries). A few disclaimers: --Navaholand is omitted,
so there are only 99 dioceses considered. I could not figure out what its geographical boundaries are. The area is attributed
to the respective states. --there are a few counties that are split amongst two dioceses. I did not split the county, but
assigned it to one of the dioceses. The most significant is Riverside County in California, which is split between LA and
San Diego. I assigned the whole county to LA. There are a few others, but they are minor. --I had to make some guesses
about the counties in a few dioceses. For example, Oregon and Eastern Oregon are defined by the summit of the Cascade mountains.
Though that might be common knowledge in Oregon, it isn't where I live.
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