GEOGRAPHY OF PENNSYLVANIA

A D V E N T U R E

Locate Pennsylvania on a United States map and a world map. Identify and locate physical characteristics of Pennsylvania. Locate major cities of Pennsylvania on a map. Describe the human-environment interaction in Pennsylvania. Name the various kinds of movement in Pennsylvania. Geography A. Location 1. Global 2. Hemispheres (1) Northern Hemisphere (2) Western Hemisphere 3. Continent – North America 4. Country – United States of America 5. State boundaries: a. Border states: Ohio, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia b. Bodies of water: Lake Erie and Delaware River c. North - New York d. Northwest – Lake Erie e. East – Delaware River, New Jersey f. Southeast – Delaware g. South – Maryland h. Southwest – West Virginia i. West – Ohio 6. grid system a. 67 counties B. Physical Characteristics 1. Land regions a. Atlantic Coastal Plain b. The Piedmont c. Ridge and Valley d. Allegheny Plateau e. Erie Coastal Plain 2. Bodies of water a. Allegheny River b. Delaware River c. Monongahela River d. Ohio River e. Schuylkill River f. Susquehanna River g. Lake Erie h. Canals C. Major Cities 1. Erie 2. Harrisburg – capital city 3. Lancaster 4. Philadelphia – largest city in population 5. Pittsburgh – second largest city in population D. Human-Environment Interaction 1. climate 2. weather 3. natural resources 4. forests 5. soil 6. water 7. minerals E. Movement 1. Migration of Native Americans 2. Immigration of Europeans 3. Arrival of the Africans 4. Westward movement 5. Transportation a. Land (1) horseback (2) roads (a) corduroy (b) toll - Lancaster Turnpike (macadam) - Cumberland Road - Pennsylvania Turnpike (3) Conestoga wagon (4) railroads (5) automobile b. Water (1) river (2) canal (3) canoe (4) barge (5) steamboat c. Air		Identifications Places and Terms canal – a waterway dug across land for transportation or irrigation climate – the weather pattern of a place over time Conestoga Wagon – wagon first used by the Pennsylvania Germans to carry goods continent - a large extensive land mass: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America grid system – locates a place by two coordinates such as E-2, A-5, B-7 hemisphere – any of the halves of the earth: Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western lake – a large body of water surrounded by land natural resources – air, water, soil, minerals, plants, and animals of a place piedmont – area of land at6 the foot of the mountains plain – a large area of flat or nearly flat land plateau – a high, flat area of land that rises steeply above the surrounding land river – a large stream of water that flows into another body of water steamboat – a boat with a steam engine that is moved by a paddle wheel turnpike – a road on which travelers paid a toll to turn the gate or pike valley – low patches of land between hills weather – the temperature and precipitation in a place at a given time

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