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Native American Nations of Pennsylvania
 
1)  Explain the culture of Native Americans in Pennsylvania.
2) Recognize the contributions of Native Americans in Pennsylvania.

 

Native Americans in Pennsylvania

A. Eastern Woodland Nations in Pennsylvania

1. Iroquois League of Nations

a. separated by language

b. divisions: Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca

2. Algonquin League of Nations

a. separated by language

b. divisions: Delaware (Lenni Lenape), Shawnee, Nanticoke

B. Native American Culture

1. food providers

a. hunter

b. gatherer

2. clothing – animal skins

3. shelter

a. Iroquois – longhouse

b. Algonquin – wigwam, sweathouse

4. economy

a. bartering

b. trading

c. wampum

5. government

a. clan

b. council

(1) women selected council

(2) council selected chief

6. transportation

a. canoe

b. trails – many present day roads and streets follow North American trails

7. religion

a. "Great Spirit"

b. sacred relationship to the environment 11

C. Contributions of Native Americans

1. language, art, music, dance, drama

2. appreciation of natural resources

3. crops: corn, squash, beans (three sisters)

4. roads

5. fur trapping

D. Notable Native Americans in Pennsylvania

1. Chief Cornplanter

2. Pontiac

3. John Shikellamy



Identifications
People

Queen Aliquippa (c. 1680-1754) – a young Native American from the Seneca tribe who assisted George Washington at the Battle of Fort Necessity

Chief Cornplanter (c. 1735-1836) – a Native American from the Seneca tribe who believed peaceful bargaining was the only way to save his people

Great Spirit – Native Americans’ name for God

Native Americans – first peoples to settle the Americas

Pontiac (1720-1769) – Native American chief of the Ottawa tribe who attacked the English at Bushy Run (Pontiac’s War)

John Shikellamy (shi KELL a mee) – an English-speaking Iroquois chief of all the Native American tribes in Pennsylvania

Places and Terms

barter – to trade goods or services

clan – group of related families that claim to share a common ancestry

council – group of persons who met to discuss problems, give advice, or make decisions

culture – beliefs and customs shared by a group of people

longhouse – home built by the Iroquois to house many families

sweathouse – Algonguin building where heated rocks were placed in water that gave off steam for medicinal purposes

wampum – beads made from shell used for trade and to record events in the Iroquois nation

wigwam – home built by an Alonquin family, usually rounded, made of poles covered with animal skin or woven grass







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