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Basic Botany

How plants grow
  • Plants manufacturing food in their leaves
  • Sunlight is the enrgy source used to convert raw materials through photosynthesis
  • Leaves require a constant and uniform supply of nutrients moved up through the roots
  • Roots take up nutrients in a water solution
  • Air is also required for roots to absorb nutirents

Flowers are the key to a plant's identity

The parts of a flower are:

 

PETALS

All petals togtehr are called the COROLLA.  This is the showiest, colorful part of the flower.

 

SEPALS

Leaf-like struture that encloses the flower before it opens.  All sepals togtehr make up the CALYX.

 

PISTAL

The female flower part.  It is located at the center of the flower.  Pistals consist of an ovary containing ovules and one or more styles, each supporting a stigma.  Pollen from another plant lands on a stigma and travels down the style to fertilize the ovules into seeds.  The ovary becomes the fruit.

 

STAMENS

The male flower part.  This is just inside the petals.  It consiste of a filament supporting the anther where the pollen is found.

 

 

Most cultivated plants contain both male and female parts.  But there are certain plants that are male or female.  Examples are: corn, asparagus and cucumber.

 The time of day affects plants and their growth

 

Water movement in plants varies with the time of day.

At midday, the Stomata are open, and water moves rapidly through the plant.

Water movement stops at night, when the Stomata are closed and there is no Transpiration

 



Plant Nutrition 101

Macronutrients

Calcium

Ca2+

Magnesium

Mg2+

Nitrogen

N+

Potassium

K+

Micronutrients

Chlorine

Cl-

Iron

Fe3+ or Fe2+

Boron

H2BO3-

Manganese

Mn2+

Zinc

Zn2+

Copper

Cu+ or Cu2+

Molybdenum

MoO42-

Nickel

Ni2+



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